Faraón Apache were raiding areas east of the Sangre de Cristo in the summer of 1715. They came to fairs at Pecos, and preyed on the Jicarilla Apache to their north.
The governor, Juan Flores Mogollón, and his advisors debated much of the summer. Gerónimo Ye, lieutenant governor of Taos, recommended they attack in mid-August while the Apache bands were harvesting their crops. Once they buried their shelled corn, they would leave for the buffalo plains, not to return to their rancherías until planting time in May.
The Spaniards did not listen. According to Elizabeth John, they harvested their own corn in September, and couldn’t believe a crop planted in May would be ripe by August.
Juan Páez Hurtado led the expedition that left in September. They traveled for two weeks, but never saw a Faraón. Páez concluded someone from Pecos must have warned them. Gerónimo had cautioned Flores against including that group in his plans, since the two groups had intermarried.
John noted it still was an important expedition because it was the first time a governor had included non-Christianized Indians among the auxiliaries. Unfortunately, she noted, "failing contact with the enemy, the Jicarilla and Cuartelejos had no chance to show their mettle and ample reason to grow disgusted with Spanish management of the effort."
Páez reviewed the troops in Picurís on August 30. The roster indicated he took 239 horses and 34 mules for 36 soldiers and 21 settlers. The soldiers averaged 4.6 horses, militia from Albuquerque and Santa Fé 5.8, and men from La Cañada 2.3. Men from the last were the ones who were more likely to bring mules as well as horses, although two capitánes from Santa Fé brought 11 animals. Mounts for the 149 auxiliaries weren’t recorded.
Below is the list of men associated with Santa Cruz, along with some from Santa Fé and Albuquerque for comparison. Note especially the differences in numbers of horses each commanded.
Presidio Officers (9 in complete list, named by rank)
Madrid, Roque. Maestro de Campo, left behind with flux.
Domínguez, Jose. Adjutant-general, fully armed and provisioned with 5 horses.
Santisteban, Salvador de. Sublieutenant, detached, fully armed and provisioned with 6 horses.
Luján, Pedro. Capitán de Campaña, fully armed with 4 horses.
Rael de Aguilar, Alonso. Capitán de Campaña, fully armed and provisioned, with 5 horses.
Rael de Aguilar, Eusebio. Royal ensign, fully armed and munitioned with 3 horses and 1 mule.
Presidio Soldiers (28 in complete list, named in alphabetical order)
Baca, Bernabe. In place of Juan José de Archuleta, who was unprepared; fully armed and provisioned with 5 horses.
Córdoba, Simón de. Fully armed and provisioned with 5 horses.
Durán, Miguel, Fully armed and provisioned with 4 horses; warned for abusing members of Galisteo pueblo in 1708.
García de Noriega, Alonso. Corporal, fully armed and provisioned with 7 horses; named in complaint of abuse in 1708, not punished.
Griego, José. Fully armed and provisioned, with 5 horses.
Jirón, Dimas.
Lobato, Blas. Fully armed and provisioned with 4 horses.
López, Antonio. Fully armed and provisioned with 4 horses.
Luján, Juan. Fully armed, lacking leather jacket, provisioned with 5 horses.
Martínez, Juan de Dios Sandoval. Fully armed and provisioned with 5 horses.
Ribera, Juan Felipe de.
Rodríguez, Lorenzo. Corporal, fully armed and provisioned with 4 horses; named in complaint of 1708 for obeying abusive orders from Miguel Durán.
Romero de Pedraza, Domingo. Fully armed and provisioned with 5 horses.
Sánchez, Juan. Fully armed and provisioned with 4 horses.
Silva, Manuel de. Fully armed and provisioned with 6 horses.
Tafoya, Antonio. Corporal, fully armed and provisioned with 6 horses.
Trujillo, Domingo. Fully armed and provisioned with 5 horses.
Settlers from La Canada (complete list, alphabetized)
Apodaca, Juan Antonio. Fully armed with 1 horse and 1 mule.
Archuleta, Diego. Fully armed, lacking leather jacket, with 4 horses.
Baca, Simón. Fully armed, lacking leather jacket, provisioned with 1 horse and 2 mules.
Candelaría, Juan de. Fully armed, lacking leather jacket, with 4 horses.
Griego, Lorenzo. Fully armed, lacked jacket with 2 horses. Rejected because he was not ready. Son-in-law of Cristóbal de la Serna.
López, Juan. Fully armed, lacking leather jacket, provisioned, with 2 horses and 2 mules.
López, Luis. Fully armed, lacking leather jacket, with 2 mares, 1 horse, and 1 mule.
Luján, José. Fully armed and lacking provisions, with 2 horses and 3 mules.
Márquez, Diego. Fully armed, with 1 mare and 2 mules.
Martín, Antonio. For his father, Diego Martín; full armed and provisioned, lacking leather jacket with 3 horses.
Martín, Francisco. Fully armed, lacking leather jacket and sword, with 2 horses.
Rodarte, Cristóbal. Fully armed, lacking leather jacket, with 2 horses and 2 mules.
Settlers from Santa Fe (7 in complete list, alphabetized)
Armijo, Bisente de. Fully Armed and provisioned with 11 horses.
Griego, Nicolás. Who volunteers, fully armed and provisioned with 2 horses and 1 mule.
L’Archevêque, Jean de. Capitán, fully armed and provisioned with 6 horses and 5 mules; he takes an armed personal servant.
Settlers from Albuquerque (3 in complete list, alphabetized)
García, Luis. Capitán, fully armed, lacking leather jacket, provisioned with 10 horses and 1 mule.
Ulibarrí, Antonio de. Capitán, fully armed, lacking leather jacket, provisioned, with 6 horses.
Auxiliaries (Complete list has 8 pueblos; 3 had guns)
Santa Clara, 12.
San Juan, 17, for three having hidden, remained behind. The alcalde mayor will have to give account of them.
Notes: The Faraón also were called Chipaynes, Lemitas, and Sejines.
Presidio soldiers from Santa Cruz were those whose surnames appear at some time in a Santa Cruz land or marriage record. Valverde also took roll on August 28 in Santa Fé. Among those who were on that list but not on the one for August 30 were: Alejo Gutíerrez, Antonio de Herrera, Joachim Sánchez, Ensign Cristóbal de Torres, and Francisco Trujillo from the presidio.
The August 30 roster does not include Ambrosio Fresqui or Bartolomé Sánchez, although their names appeared in the journal of the expedition. José López Naranjo was listed with the pueblo contingent as capitán.
Names have been standardized. Details on disciplinary incident appeared in the post for 26 May 2015.
John, Elizabeth A. H. Storms Brewed in Other Men’s Worlds, 1996 edition.
Thomas, Alfred B. After Coronado, 1935; contains rosters for August 28 and August 30.
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